Linguistic in santali - Chirgal chir

Umul
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 ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱱ  ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟ.ᱣ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ  ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟ.ᱣ, ᱟ.ᱨᱤ, ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱛᱟ?


ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ? ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱫᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ “ᱠᱟᱨᱞ  ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱟᱨ(Karl Propper)” ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ “The Logic Of Scientific Discovery” ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ  ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ “A scientific theory is scientific if and only if it is falsifiable, i.e., if it can be tested and potentially proven false.” ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱᱨᱮ  ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱱᱟ.ᱨ ᱦᱩᱱᱟ.ᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱠᱟ.ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱠᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱟᱬᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱞᱟ. ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 


ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱦᱷ.ᱨᱭᱟ. ᱥᱟ.ᱦᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 

Phonology ᱥᱮ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱧᱩᱨᱦᱟ.ᱜ-ᱟ᱾

 Morphology ᱥᱮ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾

Semantics ᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱥᱮ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱠᱟ.ᱭᱟ᱾ 

Syntax ᱥᱮ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 

Lexicography ᱥᱮ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱢᱩᱨᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱠᱤᱥ.ᱲᱟ, ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱟᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟ. ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 

ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱜ.ᱭᱠᱟ. ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱛᱩᱞᱟ. ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱟ.ᱭᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ 


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