The World Tribal Day - The international day of indigenous peoples

Umul
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The World Tribal Day            [ Scroll down to read in Santali ]

“World Tribal Day” is the one of the most special or most joyful honour for world’s indigenous people. “World Tribal Day” or  The International Day of the World’s Indigenous Peoples is celebrate on August 09 of each year. It was first pronounced by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1994. World Tribal Day is celebrated all over the world. The purpose of this celebration is to make the people of the world aware about the indigenous peoples. Who were the first community that’s learns the agriculture and made all the basics blueprints of modern technologies. As example preservation techniques, transportation techniques and medical techniques.



There are over 476 million indigenous peoples living in 90 countries across the world. If you calculate it then you find that it is  6.2% of the global population. Gujarat a state of India is known as a hub of tribes in the country, because it has been embellished with about 30 ancient tribes. To protect their constitutional rights and encourage their cultural and traditional essence 9th August is honoured as “The World Tribal day” for the indigenous peoples.


 

Why Should We Celebrate “The World Tribal Day”

Indigenous peoples have their own unique cultures and ways of relating to people and the environment. They also have retained their ancient  social, cultural, economic and political characteristics that are distinct from the today’s dominant societies. Which is one of many reason to celebrate “The World Tribal Day”. Though their separated from the dominant societies but they have crucial role in making nation more significant.


Around 80% of the world’s biodiversity is inhabited and protected by indigenous peoples. Their retained, diverse knowledge about lands, nature, are extremely crucial to protect and development for the critical ecosystem, natural resources. To encourage their knowledge “The World Tribal day” is so important.


With 370-400 million indigenous peoples represents the majority of the world’s cultural diversity, they speak the greater share of almost 7000 languages in the world. To raise their cultural diversity The World Tribal Day plays a crucial role.


The crops cultivated by indigenous people are highly adaptable. They can survive drought, altitude, flooding, and any kind of extremes of temperature. As a result, they produce a big scale of crops preservation. To ensure their works, we should celebrate The World Tribal Day.


The violations of the fundamental rights and constitutional rights of the world’s Indigenous peoples has becomes a big problem. It is happening sometimes because of a historical burden, sometimes from their colonization backgrounds and sometimes because of the contrast with a constantly changing society. To give them a peaceful rights for living, we can spared awareness through the celebration of The World Tribal Day.


In response to their problem, we can celebrate August 9th  for Indigenous Peoples. To show the world that they also have the right to make their own decisions and carry them out meaningfully and culturally appropriate to them.


We should celebrate The World Tribal Day for giving chances and motivation to the young generation of indigenous peoples to compete with dominant societies and to make them self-dedicated.

 

 

Result of Celebrating The World Tribal day

After raising voice for indigenous peoples. They are slowly starting to adopt the curriculum of dominant societies. They are entering to the studies and developing their social status.


Though now their started to interacting with the modern world, Modern world are getting more information about their cultural, traditional and their historical pieces. But still they have no idea what they means to a nation. Through the Celebrations of  “The World Tribal Day” is representing them as they are.


For giving concern to the cultural heritage of indigenous people. Nations cultural beauties are blooming more beautifully. Also the oral and written literatures of indigenous people are increasing philosophical understanding of life.


For raising the awareness about indigenous people fundamental and constitutional rights, now they are getting more importance from the government and modern world. They are also raising their voice for their own fundamental and constitutional rights.

 

Last Words

Though now we are more aware about indigenous people before. But still in a corner of Earth indigenous peoples are facing problems to maintain their cultural and traditional legacy. They are sailing across the dominant societies and the unpredictable conflict of racisms are hitting their sail again and again.


In this situations the future of indigenous peoples depends on the decisions that are made today. Their representation and participation in global efforts towards climate change mitigation, peace building, and digital cooperation are crucial for the effective implementation of their rights as indigenous.

 

ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ          [ Only for santali readers ]

ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ, ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱱ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚ ᱟ.ᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱽ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ‌ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱟ.ᱥ  ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱞᱟᱸᱫᱟ, ᱮᱱᱮᱪ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱟ.ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾


ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱩᱢᱟ.ᱱ ᱔᱗.᱖ ᱠᱟ.ᱨᱩᱲ  ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱖.᱒% ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ  ᱠᱚ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱲᱤᱧᱚᱜᱼᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱷᱚ ᱦᱮᱞᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱝᱨᱟ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱮᱞᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱙ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱲᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱤᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

 

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱽ

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱲᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱱᱟ.ᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱡ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱰᱟᱨᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱵᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱠ‌ ᱟ.ᱭᱫᱟ.ᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱩᱵᱟ.ᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ “ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱟ.ᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱘᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱮ ᱠᱟᱬᱵᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ-ᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱢᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱦᱚ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ , ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟ. ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟ.ᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ᱾


ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱗-᱔᱐ ᱠᱟ.ᱨᱩᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱪᱟ.ᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭ ᱩᱢᱟ.ᱱ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱗000 ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 70% ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱚᱱᱦᱮᱞᱟ‌ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱱ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱟᱫ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱯᱟ.ᱲᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ, ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ, ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ, ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ.ᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ, ᱵᱟᱬ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱜᱟ.ᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾


ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟ.ᱭᱟᱫᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱜᱚᱛᱚ ᱟ.ᱭᱫᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱟᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱭᱡᱟ. ᱠᱷᱟᱱ.ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱲᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱨᱫᱷᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ.ᱛᱤᱨ᱾ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱸᱜᱷᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾


ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱩᱭᱟ.ᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱢᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱯ ᱛᱮᱸᱜᱳ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱪᱮᱸᱜᱷᱟᱸᱣ ᱵᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ “ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ” ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ, ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ‌ᱨᱩᱯ‌ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱜᱼᱟ᱾


ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱤᱵᱚᱥ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱨ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱪᱟ.ᱞᱤ, ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱵᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟ.ᱥᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾


ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ,‌ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾

 

ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ

ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ  ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ, ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱠ ᱟ.ᱭᱫᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱩ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱠᱮᱛ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱨ᱾

 

ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟ.ᱫᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱦᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱸᱜᱷᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱠ ᱟ.ᱭᱫᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱨᱠᱳ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮᱸᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ᱾ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱱ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱜᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱯᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ? ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟ.ᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱠᱳᱣᱥᱚᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ‌ ᱫᱚᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱮ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱱᱤᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ 

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From Generation to Generation: The Enduring Legacy of Santali Idiom

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